When I recently showed by 4 year old The Wizard Of Oz (1939), I thought
he would be afraid of the flying monkeys as I was growing up. It was not those
monkeys that gave him nightmares, but it was the Wicked Witch. It is a
testament to the actress that played the Witch, Margaret Hamilton that could
still scare little children some 75 years after the movie came out.
A former
schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in films for seven years
before she was offered the role that defined her public image. The Wicked Witch
of the West was eventually ranked No. 4 in the American
Film Institute's list of the 50 Best Movie Villains of All Time, making her
the highest ranking female villain. In later years, Hamilton made frequent
cameo appearances on television sitcoms and commercials. She also
gained recognition for her work as an advocate of causes designed to benefit
children and animals, and retained a lifelong commitment to public education.
Margaret Hamilton
was born on December 9, 1902 to Walter J. Hamilton, and his wife, Jennie (née
Adams), in Cleveland, Ohio, and was the
youngest of four children. She later attended Hathaway Brown
School, while the
school was located at 1945 East 93rd Street in Cleveland. Drawn to the theater
at an early age, Hamilton made her stage debut in 1923. Hamilton also practiced
her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. She
later moved to Painesville,
Ohio. Before she
turned to acting exclusively, her parents insisted that she attend Wheelock College in Boston, which she
did, later becoming a kindergarten teacher.
Hamilton's
career as a film actress was driven by the very qualities that placed her in
stark contrast to the stereotypical Hollywood
glamour girl. Her image was that of a New England spinster, extremely pragmatic and impatient with all manner of
"tomfoolery". Hamilton's looks helped to bring steady work as a character actor. She made her
screen debut in 1933 in Another Language. She went on to appear in These Three (1936), Saratoga, You
Only Live Once, When's
Your Birthday?, Nothing
Sacred (all 1937), The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1938), and My
Little Chickadee (1940). She strove to work as much as possible to
support herself and her son; she never put herself under contract to any one
studio and priced her services at $1,000 a week.
In 1939,
Hamilton played the role of the Wicked
Witch of the West, opposite Judy Garland's Dorothy Gale
in The
Wizard of Oz, creating not only her most famous role, but one of the screen's most
memorable villains. Hamilton was cast after Gale Sondergaard, who was first
considered for the role, albeit as a more glamorous witch with a musical scene,
declined the role when the decision was made that the witch should appear ugly.
She suffered a
second-degree burn on her face and a third-degree burn on her hand during a
second take of her fiery exit from Munchkinland, in which the
trap door's drop was delayed to eliminate the brief glimpse of it seen in the
final edit. Hamilton had to recuperate in a hospital and at home for six weeks
after the accident before returning to the set to complete her work on the
now-classic film, and refused to have anything further to do with fire for the
rest of the filming. After she recuperated, she said, "I won't sue,
because I know how this business works, and I would never work again. I will
return to work on one condition — no more fireworks!" Garland visited
Hamilton while the latter recuperated at home.
When asked
about her experiences on the set of The Wizard of Oz, she said that her
biggest fear was that her monstrous film role would give children the wrong
idea of who she really was. In reality, Margaret Hamilton was very nice and had
a great love for children, frequently giving to charitable
organizations. She often
remarked about children coming up to her and asking her why she had been so
mean to poor Dorothy. She appeared on an episode of Mister
Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975, where she explained to children that she was
only playing a role, and showed how putting on a costume "transformed"
her into the witch. She also made personal appearances, and Hamilton described
the children's usual reaction to her portrayal of the Witch.
In the 1940s
and 1950s, Hamilton had a long-running role on the radio series Ethel and Albert (a.k.a. The
Couple Next Door) in which she played the lovable, scattered Aunt Eva (name
later changed to Aunt Effie). During the 1960s and 1970s, Hamilton appeared
regularly on television. She did a
stint as a What's My Line? Mystery Guest on the popular Sunday Night
CBS-TV program. She played Morticia Addams' mother, Hester Frump, in three
episodes of The
Addams Family (1965–66; Hamilton had been offered the role of Grandmama but turned it
down.)
In the 1960s,
Hamilton was a regular on the CBS soap opera, The Secret Storm, playing the
role of Grace Tyrell's housekeeper, "Katie". In the early 1970s, she
joined the cast of another CBS soap opera, As the World
Turns, playing
"Miss Peterson". She had a small role in the made-for-TV film, The
Night Strangler (1973), and appeared as a befuddled neighbor on Sigmund
and the Sea Monsters. In The
Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), she portrayed Lynde's housekeeper, reprising the
Wicked Witch role as well as introducing Lynde to the rock group KISS. She reprised her role as the Wicked
Witch in an episode of Sesame Street, but after
complaints from parents of terrified children, it has not been seen since 1976.
She appeared as herself in an episode of Mister
Rogers' Neighborhood and continued acting regularly until 1982. Her last
roles were two guest appearances as veteran journalist Thea Taft (in 1979 and
1982, respectively) on Lou
Grant.
Hamilton
married Paul Boynton Meserve on June 13, 1931, and made her debut on the New
York stage the following year. While her acting career developed, her marriage
began failing; the couple divorced in 1938. They had one son, Hamilton
Wadsworth Meserve (born 1936), whom she raised on her own. She had three
grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. Hamilton never remarried. She
died in her sleep following a heart attack on May 16,
1985, in Salisbury,
Connecticut. She was
cremated at Poughkeepsie
Rural Cemetery. Her ashes were scattered in Amenia, New York. As
a character actress, there was no one better than Margaret Hamilton. Even ask
my son who currently is not allowed to watch The Wizard Of Oz because of her.
Hamilton was so wicked in that role, she was good…